BLS 4.0 · Q120000

Olivenöl

Alle Nährwerte beziehen sich auf 100 g.

Energie (Kilokalorien)
899 kcal
Energie (Kilojoule)
3 696 kJ
Protein (Nx6,25)
0 g
Fett
99,9 g
Kohlenhydrate, verfügbar
0 g
Ballaststoffe, gesamt
0 g

Vollständige Nährwerte

138 von 138 Nährstoffen · je 100 g

Alle Nährwerte beziehen sich auf 100 g.
NährstoffWertOriginalwertDatenherkunftReferenzBLS-Berechnung
Energie (Kilojoule)3 696 kJ/100 g36961—ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Energie (Kilokalorien)899 kcal/100 g8991—ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Wasser0,1065 g/100 g0.106521
Protein (Nx6,25)0 g/100 g03—PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fett99,9 g/100 g99.94—
Kohlenhydrate, verfügbar0 g/100 g01—CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Ballaststoffe, gesamt0 g/100 g03—FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Alkohol (Ethanol)0 g/100 g03—
Organische Säuren, gesamt— g/100 g-——OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Rohasche0 g/100 g04—
Vitamin A, Retinol-Äquivalent (RE)37 µg/100 g371—VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin A, Retinol-Aktivitäts-Äquivalent (RAE)19 µg/100 g191—VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Retinol0 µg/100 g052
Beta‑Carotin188 µg/100 g18823
Carotinoide, außer Beta-Carotin72,1 µg/100 g72.154
Vitamin D0 µg/100 g01—VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)0 µg/100 g03—
Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol)0 µg/100 g03—
Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol)20,205 mg/100 g20.20525VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg]
Alpha‑Tocopherol20,205 mg/100 g20.20526
Beta-Tocopherol0,271 mg/100 g0.27127
Gamma-Tocopherol1,621 mg/100 g1.62128
Delta-Tocopherol0,054 mg/100 g0.05429
Alpha-Tocotrienol0,03 mg/100 g0.03210
Vitamin K58 µg/100 g581—VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin K1 (Phyllochinon)58 µg/100 g58211
Vitamin K2 (Menachinone)0,2 µg/100 g0.2212
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)0 mg/100 g04—
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)0 mg/100 g04—
Niacin-Äquivalent0 mg/100 g01—NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated
Niacin0 mg/100 g04—
Pantothensäure0 mg/100 g04—
Vitamin B60 µg/100 g04—
Biotin— µg/100 g-——
Folat-Äquivalent0 µg/100 g01—FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated
Folat— µg/100 g-——
Folsäure, synthetisch0 µg/100 g03—
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamine)0 µg/100 g03—
Vitamin C0 mg/100 g04—
Salz (Natriumchlorid)0,00372 g/100 g0.003721—NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated
Natrium1,49 mg/100 g1.496—
Chlorid100 mg/100 g100513
Kalium1,31 mg/100 g1.316—
Calcium0,231528 mg/100 g0.2315286—
Magnesium0,809997 mg/100 g0.8099976—
Phosphor2,498 mg/100 g2.4986—
Schwefel— mg/100 g-——
Eisen0,131709 mg/100 g0.1317096—
Zink0,04469 mg/100 g0.044696—
Iodid0,1326 µg/100 g0.13266—
Kupfer4,625 µg/100 g4.6256—
Mangan1,391 µg/100 g1.3916—
Fluorid— µg/100 g-——
Chrom— µg/100 g-——
Molybdän— µg/100 g-——
Essigsäure— g/100 g-——
Zitronensäure— g/100 g-——
Milchsäure— g/100 g-——
Äpfelsäure— g/100 g-——
Weinsäure— g/100 g-——
Zuckeralkohole, gesamt0 g/100 g01—POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Mannit0 g/100 g03—
Sorbit0 g/100 g03—
Xylit0 g/100 g03—
Monosaccharide, gesamt0 g/100 g01—MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Glucose0 g/100 g03—
Fructose0 g/100 g03—
Galactose0 g/100 g03—
Disaccharide, gesamt0 g/100 g01—DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Saccharose0 g/100 g03—
Maltose0 g/100 g03—
Lactose0 g/100 g03—
Zucker (Mono- und Disaccharide), gesamt0 g/100 g01—SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Oligosaccharide, verfügbar— g/100 g-——
Stärke (Stärke, Glykogen, Dextrine)0 g/100 g03—
Ballaststoffe, niedermolekular0 g/100 g07—
Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular0 g/100 g07—FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Ballaststoffe, wasserunlöslich0 g/100 g07—
Ballaststoffe, wasserlöslich0 g/100 g07—
Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular, wasserlöslich0 g/100 g07—
Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular, wasserunlöslich0 g/100 g07—
Fettsäuren, gesättigt, gesamt12 g/100 g121—FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fettsäure C4:0 (Buttersäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C6:0 (Capronsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C8:0 (Caprylsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C10:0 (Caprinsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C12:0 (Laurinsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C14:0 (Myristinsäure)— g/100 g<LOD514
Fettsäure C15:0 (Pentadecylsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C16:0 (Palmitinsäure)8,3 g/100 g8.3514
Fettsäure C17:0 (Margarinsäure)0,1 g/100 g0.1514
Fettsäure C18:0 (Stearinsäure)3 g/100 g3514
Fettsäure C20:0 (Arachinsäure)0,4 g/100 g0.4514
Fettsäure C22:0 (Behensäure)0,1 g/100 g0.1514
Fettsäure C24:0 (Lignocerinsäure)0,1 g/100 g0.1514
Fettsäure, einfach ungesättigt, gesamt74,7 g/100 g74.71—FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fettsäure C14:1 n-5 cis (Myristoleinsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C16:1 n-7 cis (Palmitoleinsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C18:1 n-7 cis (Vaccensäure)3,3 g/100 g3.3514
Fettsäure C18:1 n-9 cis (Ölsäure)71 g/100 g71514
Fettsäure C20:1 n-9 cis (Gondosäure)0,4 g/100 g0.4514
Fettsäure C22:1 n-9 cis (Erucasäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt, gesamt7,4 g/100 g7.41—FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt n-3 (Omega-3), gesamt0,7 g/100 g0.71—FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fettsäure C18:3 n-3 all-cis (Alpha-Linolensäure)0,7 g/100 g0.7514
Fettsäure C18:4 n-3 all-cis (Stearidonsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C20:5 n-3 all-cis (Eicosapentaensäure)0 g/100 g03—
Fettsäure C22:5 n-3 all-cis (Docosapentaensäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C22:6 n-3 all-cis (Docosahexaensäure)0 g/100 g03—
Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt n-6 (Omega-6), gesamt6,7 g/100 g6.71—FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fettsäure C18:2 n-6 cis, cis (Linolsäure)6,7 g/100 g6.7514
Fettsäure C18:2 n-7 cis 9, trans 11 (konjugierte Linolsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C18:3 n-6 all-cis (Gamma-Linolensäure)— g/100 g<LOD514
Fettsäure C20:2 n-6 all-cis (Eicosadiensäure)— g/100 g<LOD514
Fettsäure C20:3 n-6 all-cis (Dihomogamma-Linolensäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäure C20:4 n-6 all-cis (Arachidonsäure)— g/100 g-——
Fettsäuren, sonstige1 g/100 g1514
Cholesterin0,0687 mg/100 g0.0687215
Aminosäuren, unentbehrlich, gesamt0 g/100 g01—AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Alanin0 g/100 g07—
Arginin0 g/100 g07—
Asparaginsäure, inklusive Asparagin0 g/100 g07—
Cystein0 g/100 g07—
Glutaminsäure, inklusive Glutamin0 g/100 g07—
Glycin0 g/100 g07—
Histidin0 g/100 g07—
Isoleucin0 g/100 g07—
Leucin0 g/100 g07—
Lysin0 g/100 g07—
Methionin0 g/100 g07—
Phenylalanin0 g/100 g07—
Prolin0 g/100 g07—
Serin0 g/100 g07—
Threonin0 g/100 g07—
Tryptophan0 g/100 g07—
Tyrosin0 g/100 g07—
Valin0 g/100 g07—
Stickstoff, gesamt0 g/100 g03—
Datenherkunft · Referenz

Datenherkunft

  1. Formelberechnung
  2. Aggregation
  3. Logische Null
  4. Übernommener Wert
  5. Literatur
  6. Analyse
  7. Musterberechnung

Referenz

  1. Ragni, L., et al.; A capacitive technique to assess water content in extra virgin olive oils.; Journal of Food Engineering; 2013; 116; 1#Ragni, L., et al. ; Assessment of the water content in extra virgin olive oils by Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression methods.; Journal of Food Engineering; 2012; 111; 1
  2. Converted value from: Heinonen M, Ollilainen V, Linkola E, Varo P, Koivistoinen P; Carotenoids and Retinoides in Finnish Foods: Dietary Fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1988
  3. Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Gimeno, E., et al. ; The effects of harvest and extraction methods on the antioxidant content (phenolics, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene) in virgin olive oil.; Food Chemistry; 2002; 78; 2#Heinonen M, Ollilainen V, Linkola E, Varo P, Koivistoinen P; Carotenoids and Retinoides in Finnish Foods: Dietary Fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1988
  4. Converted value from: Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24
  5. Converted value from: Andjelkovic, M., et al.; Chemical composition of Turkish olive oil - Ayvalik.; JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society; 2009; 86; 2#Converted value from: Gimeno, E., et al. ; The effects of harvest and extraction methods on the antioxidant content (phenolics, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene) in virgin olive oil.; Food Chemistry; 2002; 78; 2#Converted value from: Bayram, B., et al.; Comprehensive analysis of polyphenols in 55 extra virgin olive oils by HPLC-ECD and their correlation with antioxidant activities.; Plant Foods Hum Nutr; 2012; 67; 4#Converted value from: Andjelkovic, M.; Correlations of the phenolic compounds and the phenolic content in some Spanish and French olive oils.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem; 2008; 56; 13#Converted value from: Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008#Converted value from: Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Converted value from: Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4#Converted value from: Fernández-Escobar, R., et al.; Olive oil quality decreases with nitrogen over-fertilization.; Hortscience; 2006; 41; 1#Converted value from: Beltran, G., et al. ; Variability of vitamin E in virgin olive oil by agronomical and genetic factors.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2010; 23; 6#Converted value from: Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Converted value from: Psomiadou, E., et al.; α-Tocopherol content of Greek virgin olive oils.; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48
  6. Gimeno, E., et al. ; The effects of harvest and extraction methods on the antioxidant content (phenolics, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene) in virgin olive oil.; Food Chemistry; 2002; 78; 2#Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008#Andjelkovic, M., et al.; Chemical composition of Turkish olive oil - Ayvalik.; JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society; 2009; 86; 2#Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4#Psomiadou, E., et al.; α-Tocopherol content of Greek virgin olive oils.; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48#Fernández-Escobar, R., et al.; Olive oil quality decreases with nitrogen over-fertilization.; Hortscience; 2006; 41; 1#Andjelkovic, M.; Correlations of the phenolic compounds and the phenolic content in some Spanish and French olive oils.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem; 2008; 56; 13#Bayram, B., et al.; Comprehensive analysis of polyphenols in 55 extra virgin olive oils by HPLC-ECD and their correlation with antioxidant activities.; Plant Foods Hum Nutr; 2012; 67; 4#Beltran, G., et al. ; Variability of vitamin E in virgin olive oil by agronomical and genetic factors.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2010; 23; 6
  7. Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008#Fernández-Escobar, R., et al.; Olive oil quality decreases with nitrogen over-fertilization.; Hortscience; 2006; 41; 1#Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4#Beltran, G., et al. ; Variability of vitamin E in virgin olive oil by agronomical and genetic factors.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2010; 23; 6
  8. Beltran, G., et al. ; Variability of vitamin E in virgin olive oil by agronomical and genetic factors.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2010; 23; 6#Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008#Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4#Fernández-Escobar, R., et al.; Olive oil quality decreases with nitrogen over-fertilization.; Hortscience; 2006; 41; 1
  9. Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4#Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008
  10. Cunha SC, Amaral JS, Fernandes JO, Oliveira MBPP; Quantification of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Portuguese Olive Oil Using HPLC with Three Different Detection Systems; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2006#Schwartz H, Ollilainen V, Piironen V, Lampi AM; Tocopherol, tocotrienol and plant sterol contents of vegetable oils and industrial fats; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2008
  11. Piironen V., Koivu T., Tammisalo O.and Mattila P.; Determination of phylloquinone in oils, margarines and butter by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 3#Kamao M., Suhara Y., Tsugawa N. et al.; Vitamin K Content of Foods and Dietary Vitamin K Intake in Japanese Young Women; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol; 2007; 53#Bolton-Smith C;Price RJG;Fenton ST;Harrington DJ;Shearer MJ; Compilation of a provisional UK database for the phylloquinone (vitamin K1) content of foods; British Journal of Nutrition; 2000; 4#Schurgers,L.J. and Vermeer, C.; Determination of Phylloquinone and Menaquinones in Food. Effect of food matrix on circulating vitamin K concentrations; Haemostasis; 2000; 30#Ferland G., Sadowski J. A.; Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) Content of Edible Oils: Effect of Heating and Light Exposure; J Agric. Food Chem.; 1992; 40#Woollard D. C., Indyk H.E., Fong B.Y., Cook K.K.; Determination of Vitamin K1 Isomers in Foods by Liquid Chromatography with C30 Bonded-Phase Column; Journal of AOAC International; 2002; 85; 3
  12. Converted value from: Schurgers,L.J. and Vermeer, C.; Determination of Phylloquinone and Menaquinones in Food. Effect of food matrix on circulating vitamin K concentrations; Haemostasis; 2000; 30#Kamao M., Suhara Y., Tsugawa N. et al.; Vitamin K Content of Foods and Dietary Vitamin K Intake in Japanese Young Women; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol; 2007; 53
  13. Scherz H.; Milch, Milchprodukte, Käse, Eier, Fette, Öle (Manuskript für SFK-Tabellen 5. Aufl.); Brief vom 13.07.93 Deut. Forschungsanst. F. Lebensmittelchem; 1993
  14. Vingering, N., et al.; Fatty acid composition of commercial vegetable oils from the French market analysed using a long highly polar column; OCL - Oleagineux Corps Gras Lipides; 2010; 17; 3
  15. Gu Q, Yi X, Shen J, Shi J, Liu Y, Shao J; A highly automated method for simultaneous determination of sterols, erythrodiol and uvaol in olive oils; Analytical Methods; 2016; 8; 20#Chapagain, B. P. and Z. Wiesman ; MALDI-TOF/MS fingerprinting of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in olive oils produced in the Israeli Negev desert.; Journal of agricultural and food chemistry J Agric Food Chem ; 2009; 57; 4

Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.