Hühnerei roh
Alle Nährwerte beziehen sich auf 100 g.
- Energie (Kilokalorien)
- 135 kcal
- Energie (Kilojoule)
- 563 kJ
- Protein (Nx6,25)
- 13,175 g
- Fett
- 9 g
- Kohlenhydrate, verfügbar
- 0,34 g
- Ballaststoffe, gesamt
- 0 g
Vollständige Nährwerte
138 von 138 Nährstoffen · je 100 g
Kein Nährstoff gefunden.
| Nährstoff | Wert | Originalwert | Datenherkunft | Referenz | BLS-Berechnung |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energie (Kilojoule) | 563 kJ/100 g | 563 | 1 | — | ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Energie (Kilokalorien) | 135 kcal/100 g | 135 | 1 | — | ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Wasser | 76,36 g/100 g | 76.36 | 2 | — | |
| Protein (Nx6,25) | 13,175 g/100 g | 13.175 | 3 | 1 | PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Fett | 9 g/100 g | 9 | 4 | 2 | |
| Kohlenhydrate, verfügbar | 0,34 g/100 g | 0.34 | 1 | — | CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Ballaststoffe, gesamt | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR
FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Alkohol (Ethanol) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Organische Säuren, gesamt | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 1 | — | OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Rohasche | 0,88 g/100 g | 0.88 | 3 | 3 | |
| Vitamin A, Retinol-Äquivalent (RE) | 261,9 µg/100 g | 261.9 | 1 | — | VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Vitamin A, Retinol-Aktivitäts-Äquivalent (RAE) | 260,1 µg/100 g | 260.1 | 1 | — | VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Retinol | 258,2 µg/100 g | 258.2 | 4 | 4 | |
| Beta‑Carotin | 13,2 µg/100 g | 13.2 | 4 | 5 | |
| Carotinoide, außer Beta-Carotin | 18,1 µg/100 g | 18.1 | 3 | 6 | |
| Vitamin D | 1,8 µg/100 g | 1.8 | 1 | — | VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) | 1,8 µg/100 g | 1.8 | 3 | 7 | |
| Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) | — µg/100 g | - | — | — | |
| Vitamin E (Alpha-Tocopherol) | 1,23 mg/100 g | 1.23 | 4 | 6 | VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg] |
| Alpha‑Tocopherol | 1,23 mg/100 g | 1.23 | 4 | 2 | |
| Beta-Tocopherol | 0,05 mg/100 g | 0.05 | 4 | 2 | |
| Gamma-Tocopherol | 0,72 mg/100 g | 0.72 | 3 | 8 | |
| Delta-Tocopherol | 0,005 mg/100 g | 0.005 | 4 | 2 | |
| Alpha-Tocotrienol | 0,04 mg/100 g | 0.04 | 4 | 2 | |
| Vitamin K | 8 µg/100 g | 8 | 1 | — | VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Vitamin K1 (Phyllochinon) | 0,6 µg/100 g | 0.6 | 4 | 9 | |
| Vitamin K2 (Menachinone) | 7 µg/100 g | 7 | 4 | 9 | |
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) | 0,08 mg/100 g | 0.08 | 4 | 10 | |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | 0,5 mg/100 g | 0.5 | 4 | 2 | |
| Niacin-Äquivalent | 3,417 mg/100 g | 3.417 | 1 | — | NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Niacin | 0,05 mg/100 g | 0.05 | 4 | 10 | |
| Pantothensäure | 1,35 mg/100 g | 1.35 | 4 | 2 | |
| Vitamin B6 | 88,05 µg/100 g | 88.05 | 4 | 10 | |
| Biotin | 19,5 µg/100 g | 19.5 | 4 | 2 | |
| Folat-Äquivalent | 76 µg/100 g | 76 | 1 | — | FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Folat | 76 µg/100 g | 76 | 3 | 11 | |
| Folsäure, synthetisch | 0 µg/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Vitamin B12 (Cobalamine) | 2,7 µg/100 g | 2.7 | 4 | 2 | |
| Vitamin C | — mg/100 g | <LOD or <LOQ | 6 | 12 | |
| Salz (Natriumchlorid) | 0,385 g/100 g | 0.385 | 1 | — | NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Natrium | 154 mg/100 g | 154 | 4 | 2 | |
| Chlorid | 180 mg/100 g | 180 | 4 | 2 | |
| Kalium | 138 mg/100 g | 138 | 3 | 3 | |
| Calcium | 52 mg/100 g | 52 | 3 | 13 | |
| Magnesium | 13 mg/100 g | 13 | 3 | 3 | |
| Phosphor | 210 mg/100 g | 210 | 6 | 12 | |
| Schwefel | — mg/100 g | - | — | — | |
| Eisen | 1,8 mg/100 g | 1.8 | 3 | 14 | |
| Zink | 1,28 mg/100 g | 1.28 | 3 | 15 | |
| Iodid | 43,5 µg/100 g | 43.5 | 3 | 16 | |
| Kupfer | 59 µg/100 g | 59 | 3 | 17 | |
| Mangan | 40 µg/100 g | 40 | 3 | 18 | |
| Fluorid | 4,7 µg/100 g | 4.7 | 3 | 19 | |
| Chrom | 0,5 µg/100 g | 0.5 | 4 | 20 | |
| Molybdän | — µg/100 g | - | — | — | |
| Essigsäure | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Zitronensäure | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Milchsäure | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Äpfelsäure | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Weinsäure | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Zuckeralkohole, gesamt | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 1 | — | POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Mannit | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Sorbit | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Xylit | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Monosaccharide, gesamt | 0,34 g/100 g | 0.34 | 1 | — | MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Glucose | 0,34 g/100 g | 0.34 | 6 | 12 | |
| Fructose | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Galactose | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Disaccharide, gesamt | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 1 | — | DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Saccharose | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Maltose | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Lactose | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Zucker (Mono- und Disaccharide), gesamt | 0,34 g/100 g | 0.34 | 1 | — | SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Oligosaccharide, verfügbar | — g/100 g | - | — | — | |
| Stärke (Stärke, Glykogen, Dextrine) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 5 | — | |
| Ballaststoffe, niedermolekular | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | |
| Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR
FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated |
| Ballaststoffe, wasserunlöslich | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | |
| Ballaststoffe, wasserlöslich | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | |
| Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular, wasserlöslich | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | |
| Ballaststoffe, hochmolekular, wasserunlöslich | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 7 | — | |
| Fettsäuren, gesättigt, gesamt | 2,437 g/100 g | 2.437 | 1 | — | FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Fettsäure C4:0 (Buttersäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C6:0 (Capronsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C8:0 (Caprylsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C10:0 (Caprinsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C12:0 (Laurinsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C14:0 (Myristinsäure) | 0,025 g/100 g | 0.025 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C15:0 (Pentadecylsäure) | 0,006 g/100 g | 0.006 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C16:0 (Palmitinsäure) | 1,798 g/100 g | 1.798 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C17:0 (Margarinsäure) | 0,016 g/100 g | 0.016 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:0 (Stearinsäure) | 0,592 g/100 g | 0.592 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:0 (Arachinsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C22:0 (Behensäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C24:0 (Lignocerinsäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure, einfach ungesättigt, gesamt | 3,425 g/100 g | 3.425 | 1 | — | FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Fettsäure C14:1 n-5 cis (Myristoleinsäure) | 0,005 g/100 g | 0.005 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C16:1 n-7 cis (Palmitoleinsäure) | 0,212 g/100 g | 0.212 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:1 n-7 cis (Vaccensäure) | 0,156 g/100 g | 0.156 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:1 n-9 cis (Ölsäure) | 3,032 g/100 g | 3.032 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:1 n-9 cis (Gondosäure) | 0,02 g/100 g | 0.02 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C22:1 n-9 cis (Erucasäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt, gesamt | 1,415 g/100 g | 1.415 | 1 | — | FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt n-3 (Omega-3), gesamt | 0,126 g/100 g | 0.126 | 1 | — | FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Fettsäure C18:3 n-3 all-cis (Alpha-Linolensäure) | 0,046 g/100 g | 0.046 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:4 n-3 all-cis (Stearidonsäure) | 0,011 g/100 g | 0.011 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:5 n-3 all-cis (Eicosapentaensäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C22:5 n-3 all-cis (Docosapentaensäure) | 0,0098 g/100 g | 0.0098 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C22:6 n-3 all-cis (Docosahexaensäure) | 0,059 g/100 g | 0.059 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäuren, mehrfach ungesättigt n-6 (Omega-6), gesamt | 1,28 g/100 g | 1.28 | 1 | — | FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Fettsäure C18:2 n-6 cis, cis (Linolsäure) | 1,138 g/100 g | 1.138 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:2 n-7 cis 9, trans 11 (konjugierte Linolsäure) | 0,009 g/100 g | 0.009 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C18:3 n-6 all-cis (Gamma-Linolensäure) | 0,006 g/100 g | 0.006 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:2 n-6 all-cis (Eicosadiensäure) | 0 g/100 g | 0 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:3 n-6 all-cis (Dihomogamma-Linolensäure) | 0,009 g/100 g | 0.009 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäure C20:4 n-6 all-cis (Arachidonsäure) | 0,127 g/100 g | 0.127 | 4 | 10 | |
| Fettsäuren, sonstige | 0,192 g/100 g | 0.192 | 4 | 10 | |
| Cholesterin | 350 mg/100 g | 350 | 4 | 2 | |
| Aminosäuren, unentbehrlich, gesamt | 6,018 g/100 g | 6.018 | 1 | — | AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated |
| Alanin | 0,792 g/100 g | 0.792 | 3 | 21 | |
| Arginin | 0,774 g/100 g | 0.774 | 3 | 21 | |
| Asparaginsäure, inklusive Asparagin | 1,335 g/100 g | 1.335 | 3 | 22 | |
| Cystein | 0,316 g/100 g | 0.316 | 3 | 22 | |
| Glutaminsäure, inklusive Glutamin | 1,675 g/100 g | 1.675 | 3 | 21 | |
| Glycin | 0,47 g/100 g | 0.47 | 3 | 21 | |
| Histidin | 0,3 g/100 g | 0.3 | 3 | 22 | |
| Isoleucin | 0,774 g/100 g | 0.774 | 3 | 21 | |
| Leucin | 1,128 g/100 g | 1.128 | 3 | 21 | |
| Lysin | 0,847 g/100 g | 0.847 | 3 | 22 | |
| Methionin | 0,436 g/100 g | 0.436 | 3 | 22 | |
| Phenylalanin | 0,758 g/100 g | 0.758 | 3 | 21 | |
| Prolin | 0,548 g/100 g | 0.548 | 3 | 22 | |
| Serin | 0,968 g/100 g | 0.968 | 3 | 21 | |
| Threonin | 0,619 g/100 g | 0.619 | 3 | 21 | |
| Tryptophan | 0,202 g/100 g | 0.202 | 3 | 21 | |
| Tyrosin | 0,53 g/100 g | 0.53 | 3 | 22 | |
| Valin | 0,954 g/100 g | 0.954 | 3 | 21 | |
| Stickstoff, gesamt | 1,896 g/100 g | 1.896 | 2 | — |
Datenherkunft · Referenz
Datenherkunft
- Formelberechnung
- Analyse
- Aggregation
- Literatur
- Logische Null
- Nährstoffdatenbank
- Musterberechnung
Referenz
- Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Converted value from: Ollilainen V, Heinonen M, Linkola E, Varo P, Koivistoinen P; Carotenoids and Retinoids in Finnish Foods: Dairy Products and Eggs; Journal of Dairy Science; 1989; 72
- Ollilainen V, Heinonen M, Linkola E, Varo P, Koivistoinen P; Carotenoids and Retinoids in Finnish Foods: Dairy Products and Eggs; Journal of Dairy Science; 1989; 72
- Converted value from: Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Exler J, Phillips KM, Patterson KY, Holden JM; Cholesterol and vitamin D content of eggs in the U.S. retail market; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2013#Bilodeau L, Dufresne G, Deeks J, Clement G, Bertrand J, Turcotte S, Robichaud A, Beraldin F, Fouquet A; Determination of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in foodstuffs by HPLC UV-DAD and LC-MS/MS; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Kamao M., Suhara Y., Tsugawa N. et al.; Vitamin K Content of Foods and Dietary Vitamin K Intake in Japanese Young Women; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol; 2007; 53
- Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013#Converted value from: Yon M.,Hyun T.H.; Folate content of foods commonly consumed in Korea measured after trienzyme extraction; Nutrition Research; 2003; 23#Müller H.; Die Bestimmung der Folsäure-Gehalte von Lebensmitteln tierischer Herkunft mit Hilfe der Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC); Z Lebensm Unters Forsch; 1993; 196
- Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
- Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
- Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2012; 2012#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2006 ; 2006#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2012; 2012#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Terrés, C, Navarro, M, Martín-Lagos, F, Giménez, R, López, H, López, MC; Zinc levels in foods from southeastern Spain: relationship to daily dietary intake; Food Additives and Contaminants; 2001; 8; 18#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013#Nerhus, I., M. Wik Markhus, B. M. Nilsen, J. Øyen, A. Maage, E. R. Ødegård, L. K. Midtbø, S. Frantzen, T. Kögel, I. E. Graff, Ø. Lie, L. Dahl and M. Kjellevold; Iodine content of six fish sepcies, Norwegian dairy products and hen´s egg; Food & Nutrition Research; 2018; 62
- Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2012; 2012#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2006 ; 2006#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2012; 2012#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Legacy Release; 2019#Food Standards Australia New Zealand; Australian Food Composition Database – Release 2.0; 2022
- Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
- Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013
- Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of eggs; 2013#Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.