BLS 4.0 · G520100

Cucumber raw

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.

Energy (kilocalorie)
16 kcal
Energy (kilojoule)
70 kJ
Protein (Nx6.25)
1.062 g
Fat
0.2 g
Carbohydrate, available
1.97 g
Fibre, dietary, total
0.9 g
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Complete nutrient values

138 of 138 nutrients · per 100 g

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.
NutrientValueOriginal valueData sourceReferenceBLS calculation
Energy (kilojoule)70 kJ/100 g701—ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Energy (kilocalorie)16 kcal/100 g161—ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Water97 g/100 g9721
Protein (Nx6.25)1.062 g/100 g1.06222PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fat0.2 g/100 g0.233
Carbohydrate, available1.97 g/100 g1.971—CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fibre, dietary, total0.9 g/100 g0.94—FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Alcohol (Ethanol)0 g/100 g05—
Organic acids, total0.26 g/100 g0.261—OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Ash0.49 g/100 g0.4924
Vitamin A, retinol equivalents (RE)24 µg/100 g241—VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin A, retinol activity equivalents (RAE)12 µg/100 g121—VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Retinol0 µg/100 g05—
Beta-carotene127 µg/100 g12725
Carotenoids, excluding beta-carotene28 µg/100 g2826
Vitamin D0 µg/100 g01—VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)0.03 mg/100 g0.0367VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg]
Alpha-tocopherol0.03 mg/100 g0.0368
Beta-tocopherol0.01 mg/100 g0.0168
Gamma-tocopherol0.04 mg/100 g0.0468
Delta-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD68
Alpha-tocotrienol0.08 mg/100 g0.0868
Vitamin K32 µg/100 g321—VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)32 µg/100 g3229
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)0.04 mg/100 g0.04210
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)0.02 mg/100 g0.02611
Niacin equivalents0.267 mg/100 g0.2671—NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated
Niacin0.2 mg/100 g0.2612
Pantothenic acid0.32 mg/100 g0.32611
Vitamin B68.23 µg/100 g8.23611
Biotin0.8 µg/100 g0.8611
Folate equivalent13 µg/100 g131—FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated
Folate13 µg/100 g13213
Folic acid, synthetic0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin C8 mg/100 g833
Salt (sodium chloride)0.008 g/100 g0.0081—NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated
Sodium3 mg/100 g3214
Chloride37 mg/100 g3733
Potassium181 mg/100 g181215
Calcium19 mg/100 g19216
Magnesium12 mg/100 g12217
Phosphorus15.485 mg/100 g15.48533
Sulphur— mg/100 g-——
Iron0.228 mg/100 g0.228218
Zinc0.12 mg/100 g0.12219
Iodide2 µg/100 g2220
Copper31 µg/100 g31221
Manganese100 µg/100 g100222
Fluoride11 µg/100 g1133
Chromium— µg/100 g<LOD or <LOQ623
Molybdenum— µg/100 g-——
Acetic acid— g/100 g-——
Citric acid0.02 g/100 g0.02624
Lactic acid0 g/100 g05—
Malic acid0.24 g/100 g0.24624
Tartaric acid0 g/100 g05—
Polyols, total0 g/100 g01—POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Mannitol— g/100 g<LOD625
Sorbitol— g/100 g<LOD625
Xylitol— g/100 g-——
Monosaccharides, total1.97 g/100 g1.971—MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Glucose1.07 g/100 g1.07226
Fructose0.89 g/100 g0.89227
Galactose0.00577 g/100 g0.00577628
Disaccharides, total0 g/100 g01—DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Sucrose0 g/100 g0229
Maltose0 g/100 g0229
Lactose— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ611
Sugars (mono- and disaccharides), total1.97 g/100 g1.971—SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Oligosaccharides, available— g/100 g-——
Starch (starch, glycogen, dextrins)— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ611
Fibre, low molecular weight— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight0.9 g/100 g0.94—FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fibre, water-insoluble0.8 g/100 g0.84—
Fibre, water-soluble0.1 g/100 g0.14—
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-soluble— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-insoluble— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, saturated, total0.067 g/100 g0.0671—FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C4:0 (butyric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C6:0 (caproic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C8:0 (caprylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C10:0 (capric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C12:0 (lauric acid)0.0003 g/100 g0.000333
Fatty acid C14:0 (myristic acid)0.0013 g/100 g0.001333
Fatty acid C15:0 (pentadecylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:0 (palmitic acid)0.059 g/100 g0.05933
Fatty acid C17:0 (margaric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:0 (stearic acid)0.006 g/100 g0.00633
Fatty acid C20:0 (arachidic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:0 (behenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C24:0 (lignoceric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, monounsaturated, total0.005 g/100 g0.0051—FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C14:1 n-5 cis (myristoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:1 n-7 cis (palmitoleic acid)0.0003 g/100 g0.000333
Fatty acid C18:1 n-7 cis (vaccenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:1 n-9 cis (oleic acid)0.005 g/100 g0.00533
Fatty acid C20:1 n-9 cis (gondoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:1 n-9 cis (erucic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, total0.088 g/100 g0.0881—FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-3 (omega-3), total0.042 g/100 g0.0421—FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:3 n-3 all-cis (alpha-linolenic acid)0.042 g/100 g0.04233
Fatty acid C18:4 n-3 all-cis (stearidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:5 n-3 all-cis (eicosapentanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acid C22:5 n-3 all-cis (docosapentanoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:6 n-3 all-cis (docosahexanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-6 (omega-6), total0.046 g/100 g0.0461—FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:2 n-6 cis,cis (linoleic acid)0.046 g/100 g0.04633
Fatty acid C18:2 conjugated, cis 9,trans 11 (conjugated linoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:3 n-6 all-cis (gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:2 n-6 cis,cis (eicosadienoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:3 n-6 all-cis (dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:4 n-6 all-cis (arachidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, others— g/100 g-——
Cholesterol0 mg/100 g05—
Amino acids, essential, total0.139 g/100 g0.1391—AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Alanine— g/100 g-——
Arginine0.045 g/100 g0.04533
Aspartic acid, including asparagine— g/100 g-——
Cysteine— g/100 g-——
Glutamic acid, including glutamine— g/100 g-——
Glycine— g/100 g-——
Histidine0.008 g/100 g0.00833
Isoleucine0.019 g/100 g0.01933
Leucine0.025 g/100 g0.02533
Lysine0.026 g/100 g0.02633
Methionine0.006 g/100 g0.00633
Phenylalanine0.014 g/100 g0.01433
Proline— g/100 g-——
Serine— g/100 g-——
Threonine0.016 g/100 g0.01633
Tryptophan0.004 g/100 g0.00433
Tyrosine— g/100 g-——
Valine0.021 g/100 g0.02133
Nitrogen, total0.17 g/100 g0.17230
Data source · Reference

Data source

  1. Formelberechnung
  2. Aggregation
  3. Nährstoffdatenbank
  4. Analyse
  5. Logische Null
  6. Literatur

Reference

  1. Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6
  2. Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  3. Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
  4. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  5. Lako J, Trenerry VC, Wahlqvist M, Wattanapenpaiboon N, Sotheeswaran S, Premier R; Phytochemical flavonols, carotenoids and the antioxidant properties of a wide selection of Fijian fruit, vegetables and other readily available foods; Food Chemistry; 2007; 101#Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Murkovic M, Grams K, Draxl S, Pfannhauser W; Development of an Austrian Carotenoid Database; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2000; 13#Heinonen MI, Ollilainen V, Linkola EK, Varo PT, Koivistoinen; Carotenoids in Finnish Foods: Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 1989; 37#Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24
  6. Converted value from: Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: Monge-Rojas, R., Campos, H.; Tocopherol and carotenoid content of foods commonly consumed in Costa Rica; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2011; 24
  7. Converted value from: Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  8. Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  9. Koivu,T.J.; Piironen, V.I.; Henttonen, S.K.; Mattila; P.H.); Determination of Phylloquinone in Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection; J. Agric. Food Chem.; 1997; 45; 12#Kamao M., Suhara Y., Tsugawa N. et al.; Vitamin K Content of Foods and Dietary Vitamin K Intake in Japanese Young Women; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol; 2007; 53#Damon M., Zhang N.Z., Haytowitz D.B., Booth S.L.; Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) content of vegetables; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2005; 18
  10. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: El-Aarab AE, Ali M, Hussein L; Vitamin B1 profile of the egyptian core foods and adequacy of intake; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2004; 17
  11. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  12. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  13. Converted value from: Yon M.,Hyun T.H.; Folate content of foods commonly consumed in Korea measured after trienzyme extraction; Nutrition Research; 2003; 23#Konings, E. J. M., et al.; Folate intake of the Dutch population according to newly established liquid chromatography data for foods; American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2001; 73#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11#Müller H.; Bestimmung der Folsäure-Gehalte von Gemüse und Obst mit Hilfe der Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC); Z Lebensm Unters Forsch; 1993; 196#Hefni, M., et al.; Folate content in foods commonly consumed in Egypt.; Food Chemistry; 2010; 121; 2
  14. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  15. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  16. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  17. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  18. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  19. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2003; 2003#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2011; 2011#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Radwan, M. A., Salama, A. K.; Market basket survey for some heavy metals in Egyptian fruits and vegetables; Food and Chemical Toxicology; 2006; 8; 44
  20. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  21. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2014; 2014#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2003; 2003#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2011; 2011#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  22. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2014; 2014#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  23. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  24. Senser F., Scherz H.; Fleisch+ -prod., Fisch+ -prod., Gemüse+ -prod., Früchte+ -prod., Süßw., alkoholh; Brief vom 19.08.93 Deut. Forschungsanst. f. Lebensmittelchem; 1993; 0
  25. Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  26. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  27. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  28. Kim, H. O.,Hartnett, C.,Scaman, C. H.; Free galactose content in selected fresh fruits and vegetables and soy beverages; Journal of Agricultural and Food; 2007; 55
  29. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  30. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980

Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.