BLS 4.0 · F301100

Strawberry raw

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.

Energy (kilocalorie)
38 kcal
Energy (kilojoule)
158 kJ
Protein (Nx6.25)
0.82 g
Fat
0.4 g
Carbohydrate, available
5.917 g
Fibre, dietary, total
2 g

Complete nutrient values

138 of 138 nutrients · per 100 g

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.
NutrientValueOriginal valueData sourceReferenceBLS calculation
Energy (kilojoule)158 kJ/100 g1581—ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Energy (kilocalorie)38 kcal/100 g381—ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Water90.1 g/100 g90.121
Protein (Nx6.25)0.82 g/100 g0.8232PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fat0.4 g/100 g0.433
Carbohydrate, available5.917 g/100 g5.9171—CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fibre, dietary, total2 g/100 g24—FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Alcohol (Ethanol)0 g/100 g05—
Organic acids, total1.013 g/100 g1.0131—OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Ash0.425 g/100 g0.42524
Vitamin A, retinol equivalents (RE)2 µg/100 g21—VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin A, retinol activity equivalents (RAE)1 µg/100 g11—VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Retinol0 µg/100 g06—
Beta-carotene9 µg/100 g925
Carotenoids, excluding beta-carotene0 µg/100 g026
Vitamin D0 µg/100 g01—VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)0 µg/100 g06—
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)0 µg/100 g06—
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)0.275 mg/100 g0.27527VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg]
Alpha-tocopherol0.275 mg/100 g0.27528
Beta-tocopherol0.13 mg/100 g0.135—
Gamma-tocopherol0.08 mg/100 g0.0879
Delta-tocopherol0.04 mg/100 g0.0479
Alpha-tocotrienol0.01 mg/100 g0.0179
Vitamin K3.9 µg/100 g3.91—VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)3.9 µg/100 g3.9210
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone)0 µg/100 g06—
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)0.02 mg/100 g0.02711
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)0.02 mg/100 g0.02712
Niacin equivalents0.85 mg/100 g0.851—NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated
Niacin0.6 mg/100 g0.6711
Pantothenic acid0.37 mg/100 g0.37712
Vitamin B624.69 µg/100 g24.69712
Biotin1.2 µg/100 g1.2712
Folate equivalent68 µg/100 g681—FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated
Folate68 µg/100 g68213
Folic acid, synthetic0 µg/100 g06—
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)0 µg/100 g06—
Vitamin C56.864 mg/100 g56.864214
Salt (sodium chloride)0.002 g/100 g0.0021—NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated
Sodium1 mg/100 g1215
Chloride9.36 mg/100 g9.3633
Potassium183 mg/100 g183216
Calcium16 mg/100 g16217
Magnesium13 mg/100 g13218
Phosphorus25.375 mg/100 g25.37533
Sulphur— mg/100 g-——
Iron0.459 mg/100 g0.459219
Zinc0.11 mg/100 g0.11220
Iodide1 µg/100 g1712
Copper46 µg/100 g46221
Manganese350 µg/100 g350222
Fluoride16 µg/100 g1633
Chromium1 µg/100 g1723
Molybdenum7 µg/100 g7224
Acetic acid— g/100 g-——
Citric acid0.71 g/100 g0.71325
Lactic acid0 g/100 g06—
Malic acid0.303 g/100 g0.303325
Tartaric acid— g/100 g-——
Polyols, total0.06 g/100 g0.061—POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Mannitol0 g/100 g05—
Sorbitol0.032 g/100 g0.03233
Xylitol0.028 g/100 g0.02833
Monosaccharides, total5.201 g/100 g5.2011—MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Glucose2.5 g/100 g2.5226
Fructose2.69 g/100 g2.69227
Galactose0.0107 g/100 g0.0107728
Disaccharides, total0.656 g/100 g0.6561—DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Sucrose0.656 g/100 g0.656227
Maltose— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ712
Lactose— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ712
Sugars (mono- and disaccharides), total5.857 g/100 g5.8571—SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Oligosaccharides, available— g/100 g-——
Starch (starch, glycogen, dextrins)— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ329
Fibre, low molecular weight— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight2 g/100 g24—FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fibre, water-insoluble1.2 g/100 g1.24—
Fibre, water-soluble0.8 g/100 g0.84—
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-soluble— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-insoluble— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, saturated, total0.0313 g/100 g0.03131—FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C4:0 (butyric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C6:0 (caproic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C8:0 (caprylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C10:0 (capric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C12:0 (lauric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C14:0 (myristic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C15:0 (pentadecylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:0 (palmitic acid)0.0265 g/100 g0.026533
Fatty acid C17:0 (margaric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:0 (stearic acid)0.0048 g/100 g0.004833
Fatty acid C20:0 (arachidic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:0 (behenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C24:0 (lignoceric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, monounsaturated, total0.0628 g/100 g0.06281—FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C14:1 n-5 cis (myristoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:1 n-7 cis (palmitoleic acid)0.0013 g/100 g0.001333
Fatty acid C18:1 n-7 cis (vaccenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:1 n-9 cis (oleic acid)0.0615 g/100 g0.061533
Fatty acid C20:1 n-9 cis (gondoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:1 n-9 cis (erucic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, total0.238 g/100 g0.2381—FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-3 (omega-3), total0.1045 g/100 g0.10451—FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:3 n-3 all-cis (alpha-linolenic acid)0.1045 g/100 g0.104533
Fatty acid C18:4 n-3 all-cis (stearidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:5 n-3 all-cis (eicosapentanoic acid)0 g/100 g06—
Fatty acid C22:5 n-3 all-cis (docosapentanoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:6 n-3 all-cis (docosahexanoic acid)0 g/100 g06—
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-6 (omega-6), total0.133 g/100 g0.1331—FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:2 n-6 cis,cis (linoleic acid)0.133 g/100 g0.13333
Fatty acid C18:2 conjugated, cis 9,trans 11 (conjugated linoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:3 n-6 all-cis (gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:2 n-6 cis,cis (eicosadienoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:3 n-6 all-cis (dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:4 n-6 all-cis (arachidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, others— g/100 g-——
Cholesterol0 mg/100 g06—
Amino acids, essential, total0.205 g/100 g0.2051—AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Alanine0.044 g/100 g0.04433
Arginine0.037 g/100 g0.03733
Aspartic acid, including asparagine0.191 g/100 g0.19133
Cysteine0.007 g/100 g0.00733
Glutamic acid, including glutamine0.126 g/100 g0.12633
Glycine0.034 g/100 g0.03433
Histidine0.016 g/100 g0.01633
Isoleucine0.019 g/100 g0.01933
Leucine0.044 g/100 g0.04433
Lysine0.034 g/100 g0.03433
Methionine0.001 g/100 g0.00133
Phenylalanine0.025 g/100 g0.02533
Proline0.027 g/100 g0.02733
Serine0.033 g/100 g0.03333
Threonine0.026 g/100 g0.02633
Tryptophan0.015 g/100 g0.01533
Tyrosine0.029 g/100 g0.02933
Valine0.025 g/100 g0.02533
Nitrogen, total0.098 g/100 g0.098230
Data source · Reference

Data source

  1. Formelberechnung
  2. Aggregation
  3. Nährstoffdatenbank
  4. Analyse
  5. Übernommener Wert
  6. Logische Null
  7. Literatur

Reference

  1. Vedrina-Dragojevic, I., et al.; Effect of blanching, drying, freezing and storage on degradation of beta-carotene in different fruits; Nahrung-Food; 1997; 41; 6#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, Rojas-Hidalgo E:; Quantitation of provitamin-A and non-provitamin-A carotenoids in the fruits most commonly consumed in Spain; Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC); 1993
  2. Converted value from: Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
  3. Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
  4. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  5. Charoensiri, R., Kongkachuichai, R., Suknicom, S., Sungpuag, P.; Beta-carotene, lycopene, and alpha-tocopherol contents of selected Thai fruits; Food Chemistry; 2009; 113#Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Li, L., et al.; Selected nutrient analyses of fresh, fresh-stored, and frozen fruits and vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 59#Marinova, D., Ribarova, F.; HPLC determination of carotenoids in Bulgarian berries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20#Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, Rojas-Hidalgo E:; Quantitation of provitamin-A and non-provitamin-A carotenoids in the fruits most commonly consumed in Spain; Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC); 1993#Müller H; Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection; Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung; 1997; 204#Heinonen MI, Ollilainen V, Linkola EK, Varo PT, Koivistoinen; Carotenoids in Finnish Foods: Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 1989; 37
  6. Converted value from: Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Converted value from: Marinova, D., Ribarova, F.; HPLC determination of carotenoids in Bulgarian berries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20#Converted value from: Müller H; Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection; Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung; 1997; 204
  7. Converted value from: Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3#Converted value from: Charoensiri, R., Kongkachuichai, R., Suknicom, S., Sungpuag, P.; Beta-carotene, lycopene, and alpha-tocopherol contents of selected Thai fruits; Food Chemistry; 2009; 113
  8. Charoensiri, R., Kongkachuichai, R., Suknicom, S., Sungpuag, P.; Beta-carotene, lycopene, and alpha-tocopherol contents of selected Thai fruits; Food Chemistry; 2009; 113#Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  9. Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  10. Dismore M.L., Haytowitz D.B., Gebhardt S.E.,Peterson J.W., Booth S.L.); Vitamin K content of nuts and fruits in the US diet; Journal of the american dietetic association; 2003; 103; 12#Koivu,T.J.; Piironen, V.I.; Henttonen, S.K.; Mattila; P.H.); Determination of Phylloquinone in Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection; J. Agric. Food Chem.; 1997; 45; 12
  11. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  12. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  13. Li, L., et al.; Selected nutrient analyses of fresh, fresh-stored, and frozen fruits and vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 59#Czarnowska-Kujawska M.; Gujska E.; Michalak J.; Testing of different extraction procedures for folate HPLC determination in fresh fruits and vegetables; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 57#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Hefni, M., et al.; Folate content in foods commonly consumed in Egypt.; Food Chemistry; 2010; 121; 2#Müller H.; Bestimmung der Folsäure-Gehalte von Gemüse und Obst mit Hilfe der Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC); Z Lebensm Unters Forsch; 1993; 196#Konings, E. J. M., et al.; Folate intake of the Dutch population according to newly established liquid chromatography data for foods; American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2001; 73#Stralsjö L., Ahlin H., Witthöft C.M.and Jastrebova J); Folate determination in Swedish berries by radioprotein-binding assay (RPBA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Eur Food Res Technol; 2003; 216#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Converted value from: Yon M.,Hyun T.H.; Folate content of foods commonly consumed in Korea measured after trienzyme extraction; Nutrition Research; 2003; 23
  14. Hägg M, Ylikoski S, Kumpulainen J; Vitamin C Content in Fruits and Berries Consumed in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995; 8; 1#Barbieri, G., et al.; Effect of the farming system and postharvest frozen storage on quality attributes of two strawberry cultivars.; Fruits; 2015; 70; 6#Chebrolu, K. K., et al. ; An improved sample preparation method for quantification of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid by HPLC.; LWT - Food Science and Technology; 2012; 47#Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1
  15. Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  16. Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  17. Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1#Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#De Souza, V. R., Pereira, P. A. P., Da Silva, T. L. T., De Oliveira Lima, L. C., Pio, R., Queiroz, F.; Determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits; Food Chemistry; 2014; 156#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  18. Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1#De Souza, V. R., Pereira, P. A. P., Da Silva, T. L. T., De Oliveira Lima, L. C., Pio, R., Queiroz, F.; Determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits; Food Chemistry; 2014; 156#Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  19. De Souza, V. R., Pereira, P. A. P., Da Silva, T. L. T., De Oliveira Lima, L. C., Pio, R., Queiroz, F.; Determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits; Food Chemistry; 2014; 156#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Bagdatlioglu, N., et al.; Heavy metal levels in leafy vegetables and some selected fruits.; Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit; 2010; 5; 3#Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  20. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Bagdatlioglu, N., et al.; Heavy metal levels in leafy vegetables and some selected fruits.; Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit; 2010; 5; 3#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Miller-Ihli, NJ; Atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of the trace element content of selected fruits consumed in the United States; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1996; 9#Hakala M, Lapveteläinen A, Huopalahti R, Kallio H, Tahvonen R:; Effects of varieties and cultivation conditions on the composition of strawberries; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2003; 16; 1#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2010; 2010#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2004; 2004#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#De Souza, V. R., Pereira, P. A. P., Da Silva, T. L. T., De Oliveira Lima, L. C., Pio, R., Queiroz, F.; Determination of the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and chemical composition of Brazilian blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry, blueberry and sweet cherry fruits; Food Chemistry; 2014; 156#Radwan, M. A., Salama, A. K.; Market basket survey for some heavy metals in Egyptian fruits and vegetables; Food and Chemical Toxicology; 2006; 8; 44
  21. Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2010; 2010#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2004; 2004#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  22. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2016; 2016#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML: ; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland. ; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  23. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  24. National Food Institute, Food data (frida.fooddata.dk), version 5.2, May 2024#Food Standards Australia New Zealand; Australian Food Composition Database – Release 2.0; 2022
  25. Leibniz-Institut für Lebensmittel-Systembiologie; SFK Online Version; 2016
  26. Haila K, Kumpulainen J, Häkkinen U, Tahvonen R; Sugars and organic acids in berries and fruits consumed in Finland during 1987–1989.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1992; 5; 2#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  27. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Haila K, Kumpulainen J, Häkkinen U, Tahvonen R; Sugars and organic acids in berries and fruits consumed in Finland during 1987–1989.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1992; 5; 2
  28. Kim, H. O.,Hartnett, C.,Scaman, C. H.; Free galactose content in selected fresh fruits and vegetables and soy beverages; Journal of Agricultural and Food; 2007; 55
  29. McCance and Widdowson`s; The Composition of Foods, Seventh Summary Edition; 2015
  30. Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013

Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.