BLS 4.0 · G480100

Onion raw

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.

Energy (kilocalorie)
34 kcal
Energy (kilojoule)
142 kJ
Protein (Nx6.25)
1.156 g
Fat
0.15 g
Carbohydrate, available
6.01 g
Fibre, dietary, total
1.4 g

Complete nutrient values

138 of 138 nutrients · per 100 g

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.
NutrientValueOriginal valueData sourceReferenceBLS calculation
Energy (kilojoule)142 kJ/100 g1421—ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Energy (kilocalorie)34 kcal/100 g341—ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Water89.7 g/100 g89.721
Protein (Nx6.25)1.156 g/100 g1.15622PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fat0.15 g/100 g0.1533
Carbohydrate, available6.01 g/100 g6.011—CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fibre, dietary, total1.4 g/100 g1.44—FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Alcohol (Ethanol)0 g/100 g05—
Organic acids, total0.254 g/100 g0.2541—OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Ash0.465 g/100 g0.46524
Vitamin A, retinol equivalents (RE)1 µg/100 g11—VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin A, retinol activity equivalents (RAE)0 µg/100 g01—VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Retinol0 µg/100 g05—
Beta-carotene4 µg/100 g425
Carotenoids, excluding beta-carotene— µg/100 g-——
Vitamin D0 µg/100 g01—VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)0.04 mg/100 g0.0436VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg]
Alpha-tocopherol0.04 mg/100 g0.0437
Beta-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD37
Gamma-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD37
Delta-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD37
Alpha-tocotrienol0.12 mg/100 g0.1237
Vitamin K0.4 µg/100 g0.41—VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)0.4 µg/100 g0.428
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)0.06 mg/100 g0.0629
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)0.02 mg/100 g0.02310
Niacin equivalents0.617 mg/100 g0.6171—NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated
Niacin0.3 mg/100 g0.3311
Pantothenic acid0.04 mg/100 g0.04310
Vitamin B667.7 µg/100 g67.7311
Biotin1 µg/100 g1310
Folate equivalent15 µg/100 g151—FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated
Folate15 µg/100 g15212
Folic acid, synthetic0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin C7.4 mg/100 g7.4613
Salt (sodium chloride)0.022 g/100 g0.0221—NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated
Sodium9 mg/100 g9214
Chloride19.48 mg/100 g19.48613
Potassium174 mg/100 g174215
Calcium25 mg/100 g25216
Magnesium10 mg/100 g10217
Phosphorus33.332 mg/100 g33.332613
Sulphur— mg/100 g-——
Iron0.685 mg/100 g0.685218
Zinc0.21 mg/100 g0.21219
Iodide2 µg/100 g2220
Copper49 µg/100 g49221
Manganese130 µg/100 g130222
Fluoride42 µg/100 g42613
Chromium1 µg/100 g1223
Molybdenum2 µg/100 g2224
Acetic acid— g/100 g-——
Citric acid0.072 g/100 g0.072325
Lactic acid0 g/100 g05—
Malic acid0.182 g/100 g0.182325
Tartaric acid— g/100 g<LOD325
Polyols, total0 g/100 g01—POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Mannitol— g/100 g<LOD326
Sorbitol— g/100 g<LOD326
Xylitol— g/100 g-——
Monosaccharides, total4.51 g/100 g4.511—MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Glucose2.7 g/100 g2.7227
Fructose1.81 g/100 g1.81228
Galactose— g/100 g-——
Disaccharides, total1.502 g/100 g1.5021—DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Sucrose1.477 g/100 g1.477229
Maltose0.025 g/100 g0.025230
Lactose— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ310
Sugars (mono- and disaccharides), total6.01 g/100 g6.011—SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Oligosaccharides, available— g/100 g-——
Starch (starch, glycogen, dextrins)— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ631
Fibre, low molecular weight— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight1.4 g/100 g1.44—FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fibre, water-insoluble0.7 g/100 g0.74—
Fibre, water-soluble0.7 g/100 g0.74—
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-soluble— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-insoluble— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, saturated, total0.025 g/100 g0.0251—FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C4:0 (butyric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C6:0 (caproic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C8:0 (caprylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C10:0 (capric acid)0.0006 g/100 g0.0006332
Fatty acid C12:0 (lauric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C14:0 (myristic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C15:0 (pentadecylic acid)0.0008 g/100 g0.0008332
Fatty acid C16:0 (palmitic acid)0.0214 g/100 g0.0214332
Fatty acid C17:0 (margaric acid)0.00037 g/100 g0.00037332
Fatty acid C18:0 (stearic acid)0.00047 g/100 g0.00047332
Fatty acid C20:0 (arachidic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:0 (behenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C24:0 (lignoceric acid)0.0014 g/100 g0.0014332
Fatty acids, monounsaturated, total0.0151 g/100 g0.01511—FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C14:1 n-5 cis (myristoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:1 n-7 cis (palmitoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:1 n-7 cis (vaccenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:1 n-9 cis (oleic acid)0.0141 g/100 g0.0141332
Fatty acid C20:1 n-9 cis (gondoic acid)0.00043 g/100 g0.00043332
Fatty acid C22:1 n-9 cis (erucic acid)0.00056 g/100 g0.00056332
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, total0.0519 g/100 g0.05191—FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-3 (omega-3), total0.0027 g/100 g0.00271—FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:3 n-3 all-cis (alpha-linolenic acid)0.0027 g/100 g0.0027332
Fatty acid C18:4 n-3 all-cis (stearidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:5 n-3 all-cis (eicosapentanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acid C22:5 n-3 all-cis (docosapentanoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:6 n-3 all-cis (docosahexanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-6 (omega-6), total0.0492 g/100 g0.04921—FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:2 n-6 cis,cis (linoleic acid)0.0492 g/100 g0.0492332
Fatty acid C18:2 conjugated, cis 9,trans 11 (conjugated linoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:3 n-6 all-cis (gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:2 n-6 cis,cis (eicosadienoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:3 n-6 all-cis (dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:4 n-6 all-cis (arachidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, others0.0128 g/100 g0.0128332
Cholesterol0 mg/100 g05—
Amino acids, essential, total0.236 g/100 g0.2361—AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Alanine— g/100 g-——
Arginine0.16 g/100 g0.16613
Aspartic acid, including asparagine— g/100 g-——
Cysteine— g/100 g-——
Glutamic acid, including glutamine— g/100 g-——
Glycine— g/100 g-——
Histidine0.013 g/100 g0.013613
Isoleucine0.019 g/100 g0.019613
Leucine0.033 g/100 g0.033613
Lysine0.057 g/100 g0.057613
Methionine0.012 g/100 g0.012613
Phenylalanine0.035 g/100 g0.035613
Proline— g/100 g-——
Serine— g/100 g-——
Threonine0.02 g/100 g0.02613
Tryptophan0.019 g/100 g0.019613
Tyrosine0.041 g/100 g0.041613
Valine0.028 g/100 g0.028613
Nitrogen, total0.185 g/100 g0.185233
Data source · Reference

Data source

  1. Formelberechnung
  2. Aggregation
  3. Literatur
  4. Analyse
  5. Logische Null
  6. Nährstoffdatenbank

Reference

  1. Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Priecina, L. and D. Karklina; Determination of major sugars in fresh and dried spices and vegetables using high performance liquid chromatography.; FOODBALT; 2014#Bassett MN, Sammán NC; Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods; Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion; 2010#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  2. Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  3. Tsiaganis MC, Laskari K, Melissari E; Fatty acid composition of Allium species lipids; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006
  4. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  5. Heinonen MI, Ollilainen V, Linkola EK, Varo PT, Koivistoinen; Carotenoids in Finnish Foods: Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 1989; 37#Müller H; Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection; Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung; 1997; 204
  6. Converted value from: Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  7. Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  8. Damon M., Zhang N.Z., Haytowitz D.B., Booth S.L.; Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) content of vegetables; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2005; 18#Koivu,T.J.; Piironen, V.I.; Henttonen, S.K.; Mattila; P.H.); Determination of Phylloquinone in Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection; J. Agric. Food Chem.; 1997; 45; 12
  9. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: El-Aarab AE, Ali M, Hussein L; Vitamin B1 profile of the egyptian core foods and adequacy of intake; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2004; 17
  10. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  11. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  12. Converted value from: Yon M.,Hyun T.H.; Folate content of foods commonly consumed in Korea measured after trienzyme extraction; Nutrition Research; 2003; 23#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Konings, E. J. M., et al.; Folate intake of the Dutch population according to newly established liquid chromatography data for foods; American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2001; 73#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Hefni, M., et al.; Folate content in foods commonly consumed in Egypt.; Food Chemistry; 2010; 121; 2#Bassett MN, Sammán NC; Folate content and retention in selected raw and processed foods; Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion; 2010#Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11
  13. Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
  14. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12
  15. Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: I. Sodium, Phosphorus, and Potassium.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6
  16. Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12
  17. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4
  18. Bagdatlioglu, N., et al.; Heavy metal levels in leafy vegetables and some selected fruits.; Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit; 2010; 5; 3#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  19. Radwan, M. A., Salama, A. K.; Market basket survey for some heavy metals in Egyptian fruits and vegetables; Food and Chemical Toxicology; 2006; 8; 44#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML: ; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland. ; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Bagdatlioglu, N., et al.; Heavy metal levels in leafy vegetables and some selected fruits.; Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit ; 2010; 5; 3#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2013; 2013#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: BVL / BfR; Lebensmittel-Monitoring; 1999#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al. ; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: II. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Zinc; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  20. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995
  21. Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2013; 2013
  22. Ellen, G., et al.; HEAVY-METALS IN VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE NETHERLANDS AND IN DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED FRUITS.; Zeitschrift Fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und-Forschung; 1990; 190; 1#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2013; 2013#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Pennington, J. A. T., et al.; Composition of Core Foods of the U.S. Food Supply, 1982-1991: III. Copper, Manganese, Selenium, and Iodine; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1995#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  23. Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008
  24. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2008; 2008#Gundersen, V., et al.; Comparative investigation of concentrations of major and trace elements in organic and conventional Danish agricultural crops. 1. Onions (Allium cepa Hysam) and peas (Pisum sativum Ping Pong).; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2000; 48; 12#Akinwande, B. A., Olatunde, S. J.; Comparative evaluation of the mineral profile and other selected components of onion and garlic; International Food Research Journal; 2015; 22; 1
  25. Herrmann K.; Die Säuren der Gemüsearten; Ernährungs-Umschau; 1989; 36; 6
  26. Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  27. Vagen IM, Slimestad R; Amount of charactersitic compounds in 15 cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.) in controlled field trials; Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 2008; 88#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014#Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  28. Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Vagen IM, Slimestad R; Amount of charactersitic compounds in 15 cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.) in controlled field trials; Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 2008; 88#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014
  29. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Vagen IM, Slimestad R; Amount of charactersitic compounds in 15 cultivars of onion (Allium cepa L.) in controlled field trials; Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 2008; 88#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Caruso, G., Conti, S., Villari, G., Borrelli, C., Melchionna, G., Minutolo, M., Russo, G., Amalfitano, C.; Effects of transplanting time and plant density on yield, quality and antioxidant content of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southern Italy; Scientia Horticulturae; 2014
  30. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15
  31. McCance and Widdowson`s; The Composition of Foods, Seventh Summary Edition; 2015
  32. Converted value from: Tsiaganis MC, Laskari K, Melissari E; Fatty acid composition of Allium species lipids; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006
  33. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980

Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.