BLS 4.0 · G311100

Cauliflower raw

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.

Energy (kilocalorie)
35 kcal
Energy (kilojoule)
148 kJ
Protein (Nx6.25)
2.424 g
Fat
0.28 g
Carbohydrate, available
5.33 g
Fibre, dietary, total
2.9 g

Complete nutrient values

138 of 138 nutrients · per 100 g

All nutrient values refer to 100 g.
NutrientValueOriginal valueData sourceReferenceBLS calculation
Energy (kilojoule)148 kJ/100 g1481—ENERCJ[kJ] = 17*PROT625[g] + 17*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 37*FAT[g] + 29*ALC[g] + 13*OA[g] + 10*POLYL[g] + 8*OLSAC[g] + 8*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Energy (kilocalorie)35 kcal/100 g351—ENERCC[kcal] = 4*PROT625[g] + 4*(CHO[g] - POLYL[g]) + 9*FAT[g] + 7*ALC[g] + 3*OA[g] + 2.4*POLYL[g] + 2*OLSAC[g] + 2*FIBT[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Water91.7 g/100 g91.721
Protein (Nx6.25)2.424 g/100 g2.42422PROT625[g]=NT[g]*6.25teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fat0.28 g/100 g0.2833
Carbohydrate, available5.33 g/100 g5.331—CHO[g] = SUGAR[g] + STARCH[g] + OLSAC[g] + POLYL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fibre, dietary, total2.9 g/100 g2.94—FIBT[g]=FIBHMW[g]+FIBLMW[g] OR FIBT[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]+FIBLMWteilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Alcohol (Ethanol)0 g/100 g05—
Organic acids, total0.274 g/100 g0.2741—OA[g]=MALAC[g]+ACEAC[g]+LACAC[g]+TARAC[g]+CITAC[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Ash0.78 g/100 g0.7824
Vitamin A, retinol equivalents (RE)3 µg/100 g31—VITA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/6*CARTB[µg]+ 1/12*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin A, retinol activity equivalents (RAE)1 µg/100 g11—VITAA[µg]= RETOL[µg] + 1/12*CARTB[µg]+ 1/24*(CAROTPAXB[µg])teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Retinol0 µg/100 g05—
Beta-carotene16 µg/100 g1625
Carotenoids, excluding beta-carotene4 µg/100 g426
Vitamin D0 µg/100 g01—VITD[µg]=ERGCAL[µg]+CHOCAL[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)0.08 mg/100 g0.0867VITE[mg] = TOCPHA[mg]
Alpha-tocopherol0.08 mg/100 g0.0868
Beta-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD68
Gamma-tocopherol0.2 mg/100 g0.268
Delta-tocopherol— mg/100 g<LOD68
Alpha-tocotrienol0.06 mg/100 g0.0668
Vitamin K21 µg/100 g211—VITK[µg] = VITK1[µg] + VITK2[µg]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)21 µg/100 g2129
Vitamin K2 (menaquinone)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)0.054 mg/100 g0.054210
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)0.09 mg/100 g0.09611
Niacin equivalents1.167 mg/100 g1.1671—NIAEQ[mg]=NIA[mg]+TRP[g]*1000/60immer berechnet / always calculated
Niacin0.6 mg/100 g0.6612
Pantothenic acid1.04 mg/100 g1.04611
Vitamin B694.83 µg/100 g94.83612
Biotin1.7 µg/100 g1.7611
Folate equivalent76 µg/100 g761—FOL[µg] = FOLFD[µg] + 1.7*FOLAC[µg]immer berechnet / always calculated
Folate76 µg/100 g76213
Folic acid, synthetic0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)0 µg/100 g05—
Vitamin C64 mg/100 g6433
Salt (sodium chloride)0.03 g/100 g0.031—NACL[g] = NA[g]*2.5immer berechnet / always calculated
Sodium12 mg/100 g12214
Chloride19 mg/100 g1933
Potassium280 mg/100 g280215
Calcium24 mg/100 g24215
Magnesium14 mg/100 g14216
Phosphorus49 mg/100 g4933
Sulphur— mg/100 g-——
Iron0.41 mg/100 g0.41217
Zinc0.31 mg/100 g0.31218
Iodide0.7 µg/100 g0.733
Copper35 µg/100 g35219
Manganese160 µg/100 g160220
Fluoride9 µg/100 g933
Chromium0.5 µg/100 g0.5621
Molybdenum6.3 µg/100 g6.3222
Acetic acid— g/100 g-——
Citric acid0.06 g/100 g0.06623
Lactic acid0 g/100 g05—
Malic acid0.214 g/100 g0.214623
Tartaric acid— g/100 g<LOD623
Polyols, total2.99 g/100 g2.991—POLYL[g]=MANTL[g]+SORTL[g]+XYLTL[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Mannitol2.96 g/100 g2.96624
Sorbitol— g/100 g<LOD624
Xylitol0.026 g/100 g0.02633
Monosaccharides, total1.82 g/100 g1.821—MNSAC[g] = FRUS[g] + GALS[g] + GLUS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Glucose0.85 g/100 g0.85225
Fructose0.97 g/100 g0.97226
Galactose— g/100 g-——
Disaccharides, total0.34 g/100 g0.341—DISAC[g] = LACS[g] + MALS[g] + SUCS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Sucrose0.34 g/100 g0.34227
Maltose0 g/100 g0228
Lactose— g/100 g<LOD or <LOQ611
Sugars (mono- and disaccharides), total2.16 g/100 g2.161—SUGAR[g]=MNSAC[g]+DISAC[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Oligosaccharides, available— g/100 g-——
Starch (starch, glycogen, dextrins)0.182 g/100 g0.182611
Fibre, low molecular weight— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight2.9 g/100 g2.94—FIBHMW[g]=FIBHMWS[g]+FIBHMWI[g] OR FIBHMW[g]=FIBINS[g]+FIBSOL[g]teilweise berechnet / partially calculated
Fibre, water-insoluble2.4 g/100 g2.44—
Fibre, water-soluble0.5 g/100 g0.54—
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-soluble— g/100 g-——
Fibre, high molecular weight, water-insoluble— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, saturated, total0.042 g/100 g0.0421—FASAT[g]=F4:0[g]+F6:0[g]+F8:0[g]+F10:0[g]+F12:0[g]+F14:0[g]+F15:0[g]+F16:0[g]+F17:0[g]+F18:0[g]+F20:0[g]+F22:0[g]+F24:0[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C4:0 (butyric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C6:0 (caproic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C8:0 (caprylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C10:0 (capric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C12:0 (lauric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C14:0 (myristic acid)0.0005 g/100 g0.000533
Fatty acid C15:0 (pentadecylic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:0 (palmitic acid)0.039 g/100 g0.03933
Fatty acid C17:0 (margaric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:0 (stearic acid)0.0018 g/100 g0.001833
Fatty acid C20:0 (arachidic acid)0.0011 g/100 g0.001133
Fatty acid C22:0 (behenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C24:0 (lignoceric acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, monounsaturated, total0.0067 g/100 g0.00671—FAMS[g]=F14:1CN5[g]+F16:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN7[g]+F18:1CN9[g]+F20:1CN9[g]+F22:1CN9[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C14:1 n-5 cis (myristoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C16:1 n-7 cis (palmitoleic acid)0.0038 g/100 g0.003833
Fatty acid C18:1 n-7 cis (vaccenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:1 n-9 cis (oleic acid)0.0018 g/100 g0.001833
Fatty acid C20:1 n-9 cis (gondoic acid)0.0011 g/100 g0.001133
Fatty acid C22:1 n-9 cis (erucic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, total0.138 g/100 g0.1381—FAPU[g]=F18:2C9T11[g]+F18:2CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN3[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:4CN6[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-3 (omega-3), total0.109 g/100 g0.1091—FAPUN3[g]=F18:3CN3[g]+F18:4CN3[g]+F20:5CN3[g]+F22:5CN3[g]+F22:6CN3[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:3 n-3 all-cis (alpha-linolenic acid)0.109 g/100 g0.10933
Fatty acid C18:4 n-3 all-cis (stearidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:5 n-3 all-cis (eicosapentanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acid C22:5 n-3 all-cis (docosapentanoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C22:6 n-3 all-cis (docosahexanoic acid)0 g/100 g05—
Fatty acids, polyunsaturated, n-6 (omega-6), total0.029 g/100 g0.0291—FAPUN6[g]=F18:2CN6[g]+F18:3CN6[g]+F20:2CN6[g]+F20:3CN6[g]+F20:4CN6[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Fatty acid C18:2 n-6 cis,cis (linoleic acid)0.029 g/100 g0.02933
Fatty acid C18:2 conjugated, cis 9,trans 11 (conjugated linoleic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C18:3 n-6 all-cis (gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:2 n-6 cis,cis (eicosadienoic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:3 n-6 all-cis (dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acid C20:4 n-6 all-cis (arachidonic acid)— g/100 g-——
Fatty acids, others— g/100 g-——
Cholesterol0 mg/100 g05—
Amino acids, essential, total0.888 g/100 g0.8881—AAE9[g] = ILE[g] + LEU[g] + LYS[g] + MET[g] + PHE[g] + THR[g] + TRP[g] + VAL[g]+HIS[g]immer berechnet / always calculated
Alanine— g/100 g-——
Arginine0.11 g/100 g0.1133
Aspartic acid, including asparagine— g/100 g-——
Cysteine— g/100 g-——
Glutamic acid, including glutamine— g/100 g-——
Glycine— g/100 g-——
Histidine0.049 g/100 g0.04933
Isoleucine0.11 g/100 g0.1133
Leucine0.17 g/100 g0.1733
Lysine0.14 g/100 g0.1433
Methionine0.048 g/100 g0.04833
Phenylalanine0.077 g/100 g0.07733
Proline— g/100 g-——
Serine— g/100 g-——
Threonine0.11 g/100 g0.1133
Tryptophan0.034 g/100 g0.03433
Tyrosine0.035 g/100 g0.03533
Valine0.15 g/100 g0.1533
Nitrogen, total0.388 g/100 g0.388229
Data source · Reference

Data source

  1. Formelberechnung
  2. Aggregation
  3. Nährstoffdatenbank
  4. Analyse
  5. Logische Null
  6. Literatur

Reference

  1. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#dos Reis, L. C. R.; Effect of cooking on the concentration of bioactive compounds in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Avenger) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Alphina F1) grown in an organic system.; Food Chemistry; 2015; 172#Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15
  2. Converted value from: dos Reis, L. C. R.; Effect of cooking on the concentration of bioactive compounds in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Avenger) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Alphina F1) grown in an organic system.; Food Chemistry; 2015; 172#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  3. Kirchhoff, E; Souci - Fachmann - Kraut - Die Zusammensetzung der Lebensmittel - Nährwert-Tabellen; 2008; 7
  4. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  5. Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Heinonen MI, Ollilainen V, Linkola EK, Varo PT, Koivistoinen; Carotenoids in Finnish Foods: Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 1989; 37#dos Reis, L. C. R.; Effect of cooking on the concentration of bioactive compounds in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Avenger) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Alphina F1) grown in an organic system.; Food Chemistry; 2015; 172#Müller H; Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection; Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung; 1997; 204#Li, L., et al.; Selected nutrient analyses of fresh, fresh-stored, and frozen fruits and vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 59
  6. Converted value from: Müller H; Determination of the carotenoid content in selected vegetables and fruit by HPLC and photodiode array detection; Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung; 1997; 204#Converted value from: Hart DJ, Scott KJ; Development and evaluationof an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in the UK; Food Chemistry; 1995; 54#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  7. Converted value from: Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  8. Chun, J., et al.; Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of raw and processed fruits and vegetables in the United States diet; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2006; 19; 2-3
  9. Bolton-Smith C;Price RJG;Fenton ST;Harrington DJ;Shearer MJ; Compilation of a provisional UK database for the phylloquinone (vitamin K1) content of foods; British Journal of Nutrition; 2000; 4#Jakob E. and Elmadfa I.; Application of a simplified HPLC assay for the determination of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in animal and plant food items; Food Chemistry; 1996; 56; 1#Koivu,T.J.; Piironen, V.I.; Henttonen, S.K.; Mattila; P.H.); Determination of Phylloquinone in Vegetables, Fruits, and Berries by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection; J. Agric. Food Chem.; 1997; 45; 12
  10. Converted value from: El-Aarab AE, Ali M, Hussein L; Vitamin B1 profile of the egyptian core foods and adequacy of intake; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2004; 17#Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  11. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  12. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  13. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Müller H.; Bestimmung der Folsäure-Gehalte von Gemüse und Obst mit Hilfe der Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC); Z Lebensm Unters Forsch; 1993; 196#Vahteristo L., Lehikoinen K., Ollilainen V. and Varo P.; Application of an HPLC assay for the determination of folate derivatives in some vegetables, fruits and berries consumed in Finland; Food Chemistry; 1997; 59; 4#Shohag, M. J. I., et al.; Folate Content and Composition of Vegetables Commonly Consumed in China.; Journal of Food Science; 2012; 77; 11#Melse-Boonstra A, Verhoef P, Konings EJM, Van Dusseldorp M, Matser A, Hollman PCH, Meyboom S, Kok FJ, West CE; Influence of processing on total, monoglutamate and polyglutamate folate contents of leeks, cauliflower, and green beans.; J Agr Food Chem; 2002; 50; 12#Ringling C., Rychlik M.; Analysis of seven folates in food by LC-MS/MS to improve accuracy of total folate data; Eur Food Res Technol; 2013; 236#Li, L., et al.; Selected nutrient analyses of fresh, fresh-stored, and frozen fruits and vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 59#Konings, E. J. M., et al.; Folate intake of the Dutch population according to newly established liquid chromatography data for foods; American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 2001; 73#Czarnowska-Kujawska M.; Gujska E.; Michalak J.; Testing of different extraction procedures for folate HPLC determination in fresh fruits and vegetables; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2017; 57
  14. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4
  15. Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  16. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6
  17. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Sanchez-Castillo, C. P., et al.; The Mineral Content of Mexican Fruits and Vegetables.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 1998; 11; 4
  18. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2003; 2003#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  19. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2003; 2003#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6
  20. Converted value from: BVL; Lebensmittel Monitoring 2017; 2017#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Ekholm P, Reinivuo H, Mattila P, Pakkala H, Koponen J, Happonen A, Hellstrom J, Ovaskainen ML.; Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2007; 20; 6#Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  21. Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980
  22. National Food Institute, Food data (frida.fooddata.dk), version 5.2, May 2024#Food Standards Australia New Zealand; Australian Food Composition Database – Release 2.0; 2022
  23. Herrmann K.; Die Säuren der Gemüsearten; Ernährungs-Umschau; 1989; 36; 6
  24. Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  25. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2
  26. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Muir, J. G., et al.; Measurement of short-chain carbohydrates in common australian vegetables and fruits by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; 2009; 57; 2#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  27. Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15#Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013
  28. Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Li, B. W. and Andrews, K. W.; Individual sugars, soluble, and insoluble dietary fiber contents of 70 high consumption foods.; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; 2002; 15
  29. Converted value from: Health, D. o; Nutrient analysis of fruit and vegetables; 2013#Converted value from: Koivistoinen P; Mineral element composition of Finnish foods. N, K, Ca, Mg, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cr, F, Se, Si, Rb, Al, B, Br, Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Ash; Almqvist & Wiksell; 1980#Converted value from: dos Reis, L. C. R.; Effect of cooking on the concentration of bioactive compounds in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Avenger) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. Alphina F1) grown in an organic system.; Food Chemistry; 2015; 172

Max Rubner-Institut (2025): Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel (BLS), Version 4.0. Karlsruhe.